欢迎来到环球教育官方网站,来环球,去全球!
来源:
小编: 166
新概念英语中值的借鉴的段落展开方式
雅思写作不仅仅考核考生的单词语法等能力,四个评分标准中CC(coherence and cohesion 连接与连贯) 这个评分标准重点考核学生文章的条理性与连贯性。而段落的划分与段落的展开是体现文章条例与连贯的重要方面。在新概念英语尤其是新概念英语三册的学习中,考生可资借鉴的段落展开方式不胜枚举。
主题句 + 逐层解释的段落展开方式
个人认为对考生写雅思作文价值最大的当数新概念三册第12课 Life on a Desert Island的第一段。议论文的段落可以在段首提出本段讨论的分论点,即本段主题句。第二句话对主题句中的某一点进行更详细的描述或者解释,第三句话又对第二句话中某点进行详细描述或解释,以此类推,通常一个段落可以解释三层因此也叫三步推进法。在上面提到的课文中:
Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island. 我们中的很多人都对荒岛生活有不切实际的遐想。(主题句)
We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines. 我们有时幻想荒岛是阳光终日普照的天堂。(解释什么是“不切实际的遐想”)
Life there is simple and good. 那里的生活简单又美好。(解释什么是“天堂”)
Ripe fruit falls from the tree and you never have to work. 成熟的水果自己从树上落下来,人们根本无需劳作。(解释什么是“简单又美好”)
这个思路可以应用到雅思写作中作为主体段的展开手段,下面我们一起仿照新概念三的结构练习一下如何对主题句进行解释。
主题句:Smoking puts smoker’s health at risk. 吸烟危害到吸烟者的健康。
第二句:If a person smokes, he or she is likely to get seriously ill. 如果一个人吸烟的话他很可能得严重的疾病(解释什么是“危害到健康”)
第三句:Chances for tobacco users to get lung cancer or heart attack if far greater than that of nonsmokers. 吸烟者得肺癌或心脏病的可能性远大于非吸烟者。(解释什么是“严重的疾病”)
第四句:According to statistics, the percentage of smokers who get these diseases is three times as high as that of those who stay away from cigarettes. 据统计吸烟者患这些疾病的比例是非吸烟者的三倍。(解释什么是“可能性远大于非吸烟者”)
把这四句话放在一起,一个非常漂亮的雅思作文主体段产生了。
Smoking puts smoker’s health at risk. If a person smokes, he or she is likely to get seriously ill. Chances for tobacco users to get lung cancer or heart attack if far greater than that of nonsmokers. According to statistics, the percentage of smokers who get these diseases is three times as high as that of those who stay away from cigarettes.
仿照这个段落同学们可以练习解释下列的主题句:
“Space research accelerate the development of science and technology.”太空研究推动科技发展。
“International tourism exerts heavy burdens on local environment.”跨国旅游对当地环境造成负担。
“Advertisements are a waste of resources.”广告是浪费资源。
平衡观点文章的首段模板
雅思作文很常见的一类题型是“一些人认为…而另一些人认为…”之后问你同意哪一方的观点或者对双方观点加以分析。这类题中大部分情况下双方观点都有一定道理,一边倒地绝对偏向哪一方都难以形成有说服力的结论。例如09年2月28日的考题:Some people believe that to improve public health the number of sports facilities should be increased. Others believe that it has little effects and need other measures to improve it. Discuss both ideas and give your opinion. 一些人认为为了改善公众健康应该增加体育设施。其他人则认为这样做几乎没有效果并且认为需要其它的措施改善公众健康。讨论双方观点并提出你的看法。
这样的题目写起来需要在第一段中介绍双方的观点并且最好在分析后再提出作者自己的看法。新三第12课为我们提供了一个近乎完美的开头段模板。Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island…… The other side of the picture is quite the opposite…… Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures. “我们许多人对于荒岛生活有一种不切实际的想法…… 另一种想法恰恰相反…… 也许,这两种想法都有可信之处”
这段话稍加修改 Some of us have formed the impression that…… 一些人认为……
However, others think quite the opposite. They hold that…… 然而其他人看法则相反。他们认为……
Perhaps, there is an element of truth in both of these statements, as is to be discussed below. 也许双方观点都有一定的可信性,讨论如下。
这样一个漂亮的雅思作文首段模板就诞生了。
我们试着把上面那道题按照这个模板套用一下。可以写出
Some of us have formed the impression that sports equipments should be added to better people’s health. However, others think quite the opposite. They hold that other efforts need to be made. Perhaps, there is an element of truth in both these statements, as is to be discussed below.
作为练习请同学们试着用这个模板写一下下面这些题目的第一段
“一些人认为应该鼓励儿童使用电脑,而一些人认为这样做弊大于利,你的观点是”
“一些人认为环境问题的解决难度太大个人无法参与其中而另一些人则认为每个人都应该为这一问题的解决尽一份力,讨论双方观点并提出你的看法”