应试类写作，时间一般都比较紧张，时间再紧，也要留出两三分钟的时间把文章通读一遍，进行必要的修改。不要说我们初学写作的人，就是大作家写完一个章节或一部小说后都要反复读上几遍。在限时、紧张的写作中，出现错误，尤其是语言上的错误是不可避免的。如果把这些错误留在那里，不得到改正，就会影响整篇文章的质量。阅卷人虽然不大会按你文章中语言错误的累计数目进行扣分，但错误，尤其是一些幼稚的错误，会给阅卷人员留下不好的印象，从而影响文章的分数。

那么修改应注意哪些方面呢？从结构方面来说：（1）看一看中心思想是不是突出？文章中有论述和材料是否都围绕着这个中心思想展开？如发现个别句子或例子游离于中心思想之外，甚至与中心思想发生冲突，就应把它从文章中去掉。（2）看一看段与段之间，句与句之间是否连贯？衔接是否自然，或给人一种断裂、跳跃的感觉？如发现这种情况，就要加一个句子或一些词，或改变一下说法，以求文章的连贯。

但就修改来说，是主要还是放在语言上，即语法和词汇上。以下各例中，a）表示错误的或不宜提倡的句子，b）表示正确的或值得模仿的句子。

9．句子的主谓宾是否齐全

例24

a) TV now plays an important role in our daily life, Because we cannot live without it.

b) TV now plays an important role in our daily life. because we cannot live without it.

中文用“因为”引出的句子可以独立，但英语不行，作为从句，只能附属主句。

例25

a) There are many ways to contact with society. For example, join in clubs, taking parttime jobs and helping the poor.

b) There are many ways to contact with society, for example, joining clubs, taking parttime jobs and helping the poor.

for example 引出的应是句子，如 For example we may join clubs, take part-time jobs and help the poor。有时也可不自立为句，跟在一个句子后面，借用主语。

例26

a) If no electricity, all activities such as watching TV and seeing movies will be impossible.

b) If there is no electricity, all activities such as wathcing TV and seeing movies will be impossible.

if no electricity（如果没有电），但句中的no不是动词，也就是说这个从句缺了谓语。

10．过渡词是否用得合适

例27

a) Because some college graduates could not find a better job, so they decided to continue to read for a second degree.

b) As come college graduates could not find a better job, they decided to continue to read for a second degee.

汉语可以说 "因为......所以", 但英语不能连用"because...so".

例28

a) Although an opportunity is rare, but we must be ready to seize it.

b) Although an opportunity is rare, we must be ready to seize it.

同样，汉语可以说“虽然......但日”，而英语要么用although,要么用 but, 两者不能同时用。

11．词语的搭配是否正确

例29

a) We students should learn/study as much knowledge as possible.

b) We students should acquire/obtain as much knowledge as possible.

“学习知识”是考生作文中经常要表达的，但不少人用错。英语中能和knowledge 搭配的是obtain, acquire, gain等。

例30

a) With a rise in the number of cars and buses, traffic in Shanghai has become more and more crowded.

b) With a rise in the number of cars and buses, traffic in Shanghai has become increasingly heavier.

traffic不和 crowded搭配，说 “交通拥挤繁忙”，应说 traffic is heavy/busy.如同中文里的“速度快”，英语不说 "The speed of cars is fast/quick." 而是说"The speed of cars is high/fantastic."或"cars are much faster."

例31

a) People begin to eat more vice food.

b) People begin to eat more non-staple foodstuff.

副总统是vice presidents, 副食品应是 non-staple foodstuff, 而副经理、副教授、副作用分别是 assistant managers, associate professors, side effects，搭配不同。

12．词语是否用得得当

例32

a) Actually, traffic jams have effected our daily life.

b) Actually, traffic jams have affected our daily life.

表示“不良影响”，动词用affect, 而不是effect。

例33

a) When old problems are solved, new problems will rise.

b) When old problems are solved, new problems will arise.

rise 是“起来”、“上升”的意思，arise 才是“出现”的意思。

例34

a) There are many factors leading to changes in people's diet. At first, people can afford expensive food.

b) There are many factors leading to changes in people's diet. First, people can afford expensive food.

At first 是“起先”的意思，暗示后来情况完全两样。表示“首先”，要用first。就如 highly 和 high 是两个同的意思，前者是作“非常”解，后者是“高”的意思。Women have risen high in social status.不能用 highly。